IEEE Style is a citation style used in engineering, computer science, and information technology.
It is published and maintained by the Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
IEEE Citation Style has two basic elements:
Example:
Without intentional countermeasures, algorithms inherit the biases of their creators, as well as the societal and historical contexts in which they are developed [3].
Example (eBook):
[3] T. Baer, Understand, Manage, and Prevent Algorithmic Bias: A Guide for Business Users and Data Scientists. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2019. [Online]. Available: Safari Books Online.
Immediately after the table or figure in question, include "Source: [#]" and assign it a Reference Number just as you would any other in-text citation.
Example:
Figure 1
This is a sample caption.
Source: [5]
More about citing tables and figures.
NOTE: If you wish to reproduce a figure from an external source in a published document, (including a thesis, dissertation, and/or journal article), you must first obtain permission from the copyright holder. Read more about copyrighted figures.
Citation managers help you keep track of resources and cite them during the research process. They usually feature browser extensions that let you quickly save resources as you browse the web. All of these citation managers have built-in support for IEEE Style.
Citation Generators work if you need a quick one-off citation, but unlike Citation Managers, they usually don't let you organize or save your citations for later.
A Word of Caution:
Even the best citation tools make lots of mistakes! Always double-check your citations before turning them in, especially if you use one of these tools.
Includes full-text databases such as EBSCO, ProQuest, and IEEE Xplore.
[#] A. Author, "Title of article," Title of Journal, vol., no., p. page numbers, month year. [Format]. Available: Database Name, internet address. [Accessed: date of access].
[1] H. Ayasso and A. Mohammad-Djafari, "Joint NDT image restoration and segmentation using Gauss–Markov–Potts prior models and variational Bayesian computation," IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 2265-77, 2010. [Online]. Available: IEEE Xplore, http://www.ieee.org. [Accessed Sept. 10, 2010].
[#] A. Author, "Title of Article," Title of Journal, vol. #, no. #, pp. page number/s, month year. [Format]. Available: Internet address. [Accessed: date of access].
[2] P. H. C. Eilers and J. J. Goeman, "Enhancing scatterplots with smoothed densities," Bioinformatics, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 623-628, March 2004. [Online]. Available: www.oxfordjournals.org. [Accessed Sept. 18, 2004].
[#] A. Author. "Title of article," Title of Journal, vol. #, no. #, pp. page number/s, Month year.
[3] J. R. Beveridge and E. M. Riseman, "How easy is matching 2D line models using local search?" IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 19, pp. 564-579, June 1997.
All examples adapted from the Murdoch University IEEE Style Guide.
[#] A. Author, Title: Subtitle, #th ed. Place: Publisher, Year of publication. [Online]. Available: Source.
[4] L. Bass, P. Clements, and R. Kazman, Software Architecture in Practice, 2nd ed. Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 2003. [Online] Available: Safari Tech Books Online.
[#] A. Author, Title: Subtitle, #th ed., vol. #. Place of publication: Publisher, Year, pp. page number/s.
[5] T. Jordan and P. A. Taylor, Hacktivism and Cyberwars: Rebels with a cause? London: Routledge, 2004.
[#] A. Author, "Title of chapter," in Book Title: Subtitle, #th ed., vol. #, E. Editor, Ed/s. Place of publication: Publisher, Year, pp. page number/s.
[5] G. O. Young, "Synthetic structure of industrial plastics," in Plastics, 2nd ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15-64.
All examples adapted from the Murdoch University IEEE Style Guide.
[#] A. Author, "Title of paper," in Proceedings of the Title of Conf.: Subtitle of conference, Month Date, Year, Location. [Format]. Place of publication: Publisher, Year. Available: Database Name, internet address. [Accessed: date of access].
[7] J. Lach, "SBFS: Steganography based file system," in Proc. of the 2008 1st Int. Conf. on Information Technology, IT 2008, 19-21 May 2008, Gdansk, Poland. [Online]. Available: IEEE Xplore, http://www.ieee.org. [Accessed: 10 Sept. 2010].
[#] A. Author, "Title of paper," in Title of Published Proceedings: Proceedings of the Title of Conf.: Subtitle of conference, Month Date, Year, Location, A. Editor, Ed. Place of publication: Publisher, Year. pp. page numbers.
[8] L. Liu and H. Miao, "A specification based approach to testing polymorphic attributes," in Formal Methods and Software Engineering: Proc.of the 6th Int. Conf. on Formal Engineering Methods, ICFEM 2004, Seattle, WA, USA, November 8-12, 2004, J. Davies, W. Schulte, M. Barnett, Eds. Berlin: Springer, 2004. pp. 306-19.
[#] A. Editor, Ed., Title of Conf.: Subtitle of conference, Month Date, Year, Location. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year.
[9] T. J. van Weert and R. K. Munro, Eds., Informatics and the Digital Society: Social, ethical and cognitive issues: IFIP TC3/WG3.1&3.2 Open Conf. on Social, Ethical and Cognitive Issues of Informatics and ICT, July 22-26, 2002, Dortmund, Germany. Boston: Kluwer Academic, 2003.
All examples adapted from the Murdoch University IEEE Style Guide.
[#] A. Author, "Document title," Webpage Name, Source/production information, Date of internet publication. [Format]. Available: internet address. [Accessed: Date of access].
[10] J. Geralds, "Sega Ends Production of Dreamcast," vnunet.com, para. 2, Jan. 31, 2001. [Online]. Available: http://nl1.vnunet.com/news/1116995. [Accessed: Sept. 12, 2004].
[#] "Document title," Webpage Name, Source/production information, Date of internet publication. [Format]. Available: internet address. [Accessed: Date of access].
[11] “A ‘layman’s’ explanation of Ultra Narrow Band technology,” Oct. 3, 2003. [Online]. Available: http://www.vmsk.org/Layman.pdf. [Accessed: Dec. 3, 2003].
All examples adapted from the Murdoch University IEEE Style Guide.
[#] A. Author, Title of Dataset, vol. #, Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of publication. [Format]. Available: DOI. [Accessed: Date of access].
[12] M. Ambrose, Air Infiltration Results for 129 Australian Dwellings, vol. 1, Canberra: CSIRO, 2018. [Dataset]. Available: https://doi.org/10.25919/5ca54346ef256. [Accessed: July 4, 2019].
[#] A. Author, Title of Dataset, vol. #, Place of Publication: Publisher, Year of publication. [Format]. Available: Internet address. [Accessed: Date of access].
[13] United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA Prognostics Data Repository, Washington, DC: NASA, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://ti.arc.nasa.gov/tech/dash/groups/pcoe/prognostic-data-repository/. [Accessed: July 4, 2019].
All examples adapted from the Murdoch University IEEE Style Guide.
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